Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows orthopedic surgeons to diagnose and treat various joint-related conditions using a small camera called an arthroscope. This procedure is commonly used to examine, repair, or remove damaged tissue within joints, such as the knee, shoulder, ankle, hip, and wrist. Here’s an overview of arthroscopy surgery, treatment process, and potential causes for its use:

Procedure: Arthroscopy involves inserting a thin, flexible arthroscope through a small incision near the joint. The arthroscope is equipped with a camera and light source, allowing the surgeon to visualize the internal structures of the joint on a monitor. This enables accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment. Surgical instruments can be inserted through additional small incisions to perform procedures such as tissue repair, removal of damaged tissue, or joint debridement (cleaning).

Treatment Process: The arthroscopy treatment process generally includes the following steps:

1. Consultation and Evaluation: A patient with joint pain, limited mobility, or other joint-related symptoms will consult an orthopedic surgeon. The surgeon will evaluate the patient’s medical history, conduct a physical examination, and may recommend imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to assess the condition of the joint.
2. Preparation: If arthroscopy is deemed appropriate, the patient will receive instructions on preoperative preparation, which may include fasting, stopping certain medications, and arranging transportation for the day of the procedure.
3. Anesthesia: Arthroscopy is typically performed under local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia, depending on the joint being treated and the patient’s preferences.
4. Arthroscopic Procedure: Small incisions are made near the joint, and the arthroscope is inserted. The surgeon examines the joint’s internal structures and may perform various procedures, such as repairing ligaments, removing loose bodies, smoothing rough cartilage, or treating inflammation.
5. Closing Incisions: After the procedure, the small incisions are closed with stitches or adhesive strips, and a dressing is applied.
6. Recovery and Rehabilitation: Recovery times vary depending on the specific procedure performed. Physical therapy and rehabilitation may be recommended to help regain strength, mobility, and function in the joint.

Causes for Arthroscopy: Arthroscopy is used to diagnose and treat a wide range of joint-related conditions, including:

1. Joint Injuries: Arthroscopy can repair torn ligaments, such as the ACL in the knee, and treat other traumatic joint injuries.
2. Osteoarthritis: Arthroscopy can be used to remove damaged cartilage, bone spurs, and inflamed tissue caused by osteoarthritis.
3. Rotator Cuff Tears: Arthroscopy is commonly used to repair tears in the rotator cuff of the shoulder.
4. Meniscus Tears: In the knee, arthroscopy can trim or repair torn meniscus cartilage.
5. Synovitis: Arthroscopy can treat inflamed synovial tissue (synovitis) in joints.
6. Loose Bodies: Small fragments of bone or cartilage that are causing joint pain can be removed during arthroscopy.

Arthroscopy offers numerous benefits, including smaller incisions, reduced tissue damage, faster recovery times, and potentially less pain compared to traditional open surgery. However, not all joint conditions can be treated with arthroscopy, and the decision on the most appropriate treatment approach will depend on the individual’s specific diagnosis and circumstances. It’s important to consult with a qualified orthopedic surgeon to discuss the best treatment options for your joint condition.