A sebaceous cyst, also known as an epidermal cyst, is a non-cancerous, closed sac or lump beneath the skin that is filled with a thick, yellowish, cheesy material. These cysts can develop anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the face, neck, and trunk. Here’s an overview of sebaceous cyst surgery, treatment options, and potential causes:

Treatment Options: The treatment of sebaceous cysts depends on their size, location, and whether they are causing any discomfort or cosmetic concerns. Here are the common treatment options:

1. Observation: Small and asymptomatic sebaceous cysts that do not cause any problems may be left untreated. However, they should be periodically monitored to ensure they don’t become infected or grow larger.
2. Incision and Drainage: If a sebaceous cyst becomes infected or inflamed, a healthcare professional might perform a minor procedure to drain the contents and relieve the symptoms. This is a temporary solution, as the cyst may refill over time.
3. Surgical Excision: Surgical removal is often the most effective and definitive treatment for sebaceous cysts. The procedure involves making an incision over the cyst, removing the cyst along with its capsule, and then closing the incision with stitches. This approach ensures complete removal and reduces the chances of recurrence.

Causes: The exact cause of sebaceous cysts is not always clear, but they are typically caused by the blockage of a hair follicle or oil gland. Here are the potential causes and contributing factors:

1. Hair Follicle Blockage: A common cause of sebaceous cysts is when a hair follicle becomes blocked with oil, dead skin cells, or debris, leading to the formation of a cyst.
2. Trauma: Physical trauma or injury to the skin can sometimes trigger the development of a cyst.
3. Genetics: There may be a genetic predisposition to developing sebaceous cysts.
4. Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations can influence the production of sebum (skin oil) and contribute to the development of cysts.
5. Previous Cyst: If you’ve had a sebaceous cyst before, you might be at a slightly higher risk of developing another one.
6. Infection: An infected hair follicle or oil gland can lead to inflammation and the formation of a cyst.

It’s important to note that attempting to squeeze or puncture a sebaceous cyst at home can lead to infection, worsen the condition, and increase the risk of scarring. If you suspect you have a sebaceous cyst or any other skin growth, it’s best to consult a medical professional for proper evaluation and advice. A healthcare provider can determine whether the growth is a cyst, recommend appropriate treatment, and perform surgical excision if necessary.